See pluć on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pluć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pľьvati",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"pluć\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьvati.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьvati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "plwać",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "plunąć"
},
"expansion": "pluć impf (perfective plunąć)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Masovia Old Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "41 19 22 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "78 7 8 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 20 24 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 6 7 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 67:",
"text": "Plvcz spuere",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
30
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 229:",
"text": "Tą swą nocz policzkowan, plwan, nądzon do swatha",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
53
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 730:",
"text": "Począly yemu okropne polyczky davacz... lycze pluyącz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
88
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [End of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Gniezno, Warsaw, page 145:",
"text": "Przed Yeszuszem klyakaly ryczyrze nyewyerny, s nyego szya nasmyewaly, na oblyczye plwaly",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
85,
91
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1410], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 210:",
"text": "Stanyslaw Mikolaya pirwe ranil, nisz mu rani dal, any go Mikolay skody bral, any wen pywala, any go mąnczil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spit (to evacuate saliva, sometimes as a sign of contempt)"
],
"id": "en-pluć-zlw-opl-verb-IAgW8BuQ",
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":na(acc)/:w(acc)<at whom> + acc<what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) ‘at whom’, along with accusative ‘what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"w",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘at",
"whom’",
"along",
"with",
"accusative",
"‘what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"spit",
"spit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to spit (to evacuate saliva, sometimes as a sign of contempt) [with na (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) ‘at whom’, along with accusative ‘what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plʲut͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/plʲut͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "pluć"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "napluć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opluć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opluwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "popluć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "popluwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wypluć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wypluwać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapluć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapluwać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:pluć",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pľьvati\nOld Polish pluć\nPolish pluć\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"pluć\">\nInherited from Old Polish pluć.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pľьvati\nOld Polish pluć\nPolish pluć\nInherited from Old Polish pluć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "splunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pluć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "plunąć,splunąć"
},
"expansion": "pluć impf (perfective plunąć or splunąć)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pluć"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pluć"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spit (to evacuate saliva or another substance from the mouth, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-pluć-pl-verb-te3aBu62",
"links": [
[
"spit",
"spit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to spit (to evacuate saliva or another substance from the mouth, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to affront, to insult"
],
"id": "en-pluć-pl-verb-bAhKWpIc",
"links": [
[
"affront",
"affront"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to affront, to insult"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "afrontować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "chłostać biczem satyry (imperfective"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "literary)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "wychłostać biczem satyry"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "deptać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdeptać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotykać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotknąć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dokopywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dokopać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "hańbić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohańbić (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zhańbić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kalać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pokalać (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skalać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kompromitować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skompromitować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "lżyć (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obelżyć (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zelżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"word": "malować (imperfective"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"word": "dialectal)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmalować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nawymyślać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obluzgiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obluzgać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmawiać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmówić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obsobaczać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obsobaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obszczekiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obszczekać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obtańcowywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obtańcować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochrzaniać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochrzanić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczerniać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczernić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opluwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opluć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszczekiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszczekać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "piorunować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spiorunować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pluć (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "plunąć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "plugawić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pomstować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniewierać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sponiewierać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniżać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "postponować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeklinać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przekląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sobaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spotwarzać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spotwarzyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szargać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zszargać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szkalować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszkalować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szmacić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zeszmacić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szydzić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyszydzić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubliżać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubliżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uchybiać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uchybić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upokarzać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upokorzyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "urągać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urażać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urazić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwłaczać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwłaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyklinać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wykląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wymyślać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzwać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "złorzeczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "znieważać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "znieważyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwymyślać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 37 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 36 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to shoot (to fire a hail of bullets)"
],
"id": "en-pluć-pl-verb-yEu4cKsc",
"links": [
[
"shoot",
"shoot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to shoot (to fire a hail of bullets)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "strzelać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplut͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "pluć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "pluć"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "sla-pro:*pľьvati",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"pluć\">\nInherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьvati.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pľьvati.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "plwać",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "plunąć"
},
"expansion": "pluć impf (perfective plunąć)",
"name": "zlw-opl-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greater Poland Old Polish",
"Masovia Old Polish",
"Old Polish entries referencing missing etymons",
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish imperfective verbs",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Old Polish verbs",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
5
]
],
"ref": "1908 [c. 1500], Bolesław Erzepki, editor, Przyczynki do średniowiecznego słownictwa polskiego. I. Glosy polskie wpisane do łacińsko-niemieckiego słownika drukowanego w roku 1490, Lubiń, page 67:",
"text": "Plvcz spuere",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
30
]
],
"ref": "1874-1891 [c. 1420], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 229:",
"text": "Tą swą nocz policzkowan, plwan, nądzon do swatha",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
46,
53
]
],
"ref": "Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa, page 730:",
"text": "Począly yemu okropne polyczky davacz... lycze pluyącz",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
82,
88
]
],
"ref": "1880-1894 [End of the 15th century], Sprawozdania Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności, volume I, Gniezno, Warsaw, page 145:",
"text": "Przed Yeszuszem klyakaly ryczyrze nyewyerny, s nyego szya nasmyewaly, na oblyczye plwaly",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
85,
91
]
],
"ref": "1876-1929 [1410], Vatroslav Jagić, editor, Archiv für slavische Philologie, volume VI, page 210:",
"text": "Stanyslaw Mikolaya pirwe ranil, nisz mu rani dal, any go Mikolay skody bral, any wen pywala, any go mąnczil",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to spit (to evacuate saliva, sometimes as a sign of contempt)"
],
"info_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":na(acc)/:w(acc)<at whom> + acc<what>"
},
"expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) ‘at whom’, along with accusative ‘what’]",
"extra_data": {
"words": [
"na",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"w",
"(+",
"accusative)",
"‘at",
"whom’",
"along",
"with",
"accusative",
"‘what’"
]
},
"name": "+obj"
}
],
"links": [
[
"spit",
"spit"
]
],
"qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
"raw_glosses": [
"(attested in Greater Poland, Masovia) to spit (to evacuate saliva, sometimes as a sign of contempt) [with na (+ accusative) or w (+ accusative) ‘at whom’, along with accusative ‘what’]"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plʲut͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/plʲut͡ɕʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "pluć"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish imperfective verbs",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut͡ɕ/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "napluć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opluć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "opluwać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "popluć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "popluwać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wypluć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "wypluwać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapluć"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapluwać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:pluć",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pľьvati\nOld Polish pluć\nPolish pluć\n[Appendix:Glossary#inherited|Inherited]] from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pluć\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"pluć\">\nInherited from Old Polish pluć.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Slavic *pľьvati\nOld Polish pluć\nPolish pluć\nInherited from Old Polish pluć.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "splunąć",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "inflection-table-top",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pluć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "impf",
"pf": "plunąć,splunąć"
},
"expansion": "pluć impf (perfective plunąć or splunąć)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pluć"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pluć"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to spit (to evacuate saliva or another substance from the mouth, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"spit",
"spit"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to spit (to evacuate saliva or another substance from the mouth, etc.)"
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to affront, to insult"
],
"links": [
[
"affront",
"affront"
],
[
"insult",
"insult"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to affront, to insult"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "afrontować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "chłostać biczem satyry (imperfective"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "literary)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"literary"
],
"word": "wychłostać biczem satyry"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "deptać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zdeptać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotykać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dotknąć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dokopywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "dokopać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "hańbić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pohańbić (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zhańbić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kalać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pokalać (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skalać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "kląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "kompromitować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "skompromitować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "lżyć (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obelżyć (perfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zelżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"word": "malować (imperfective"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"word": "dialectal)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmalować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "nawymyślać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obluzgiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obluzgać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmawiać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obmówić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obsobaczać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obsobaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obszczekiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obszczekać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obtańcowywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "obtańcować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochrzaniać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ochrzanić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczerniać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oczernić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opluwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "opluć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszczekiwać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszczekać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "piorunować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spiorunować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "pluć (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "plunąć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "plugawić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "pomstować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniewierać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "sponiewierać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniżać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "poniżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "postponować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przeklinać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "przekląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "sobaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spotwarzać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "spotwarzyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szargać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zszargać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szkalować (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "oszkalować"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szmacić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zeszmacić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "szydzić (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyszydzić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubliżać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "ubliżyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uchybiać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uchybić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upokarzać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "upokorzyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "urągać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urażać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "urazić"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwłaczać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uwłaczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyklinać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wykląć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "wymyślać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzywać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "wyzwać"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "złorzeczyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "znieważać (imperfective)"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "znieważyć"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:obrażać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwymyślać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to shoot (to fire a hail of bullets)"
],
"links": [
[
"shoot",
"shoot"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) to shoot (to fire a hail of bullets)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "strzelać"
}
],
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈplut͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut͡ɕ"
}
],
"word": "pluć"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pluć meaning in All languages combined (14.8kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"pluć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "pluć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: attested in Greater Poland, Masovia",
"path": [
"pluć"
],
"section": "Old Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "pluć",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/328",
"msg": "TABLE not properly closed",
"path": [
"pluć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "pluć",
"trace": "started on line 3, detected on line 23"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <div> not properly closed",
"path": [
"pluć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "pluć",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 23"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </div>",
"path": [
"pluć"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "pluć",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.